Vapor lamp



` BuTToLPH VAPOR LAMP original Filed April l2. 1922 z sheets-sheet 1 1819 22 \\/Z4 1 25 l Z5 1zl Tlv 5 A s 165 'fr May 24, 1927. 1,630,053

L.. J. BUTTOLPH VAPOR LAMP Original Filed April l2. 1922 v2 sheets-sheer2 INVENTOR 2 la??? [2J IIIIII |5271 .all

HIS A'ITURNEY Patented May 2,4, 1927.

UNITED sTATEs P-ATE NT oFFicE.

- LEROY J. BUr'roLrn, or nAsfr ORANGE, NEW. JERSEY, AssIeNon 'ro Coornnnnwmr ELECTRIC COMPANY, or Honoxnm NEW' Jansen; A- CoaroaA'rIoN or mwY ivVAPOR LAMP.

JERSEY.

l ongmrpppncamn 1aed April 12, 1m, 'semi 1t. 551,768; mviaed andthiiappneaaon mea separater 27,1923. semina. 665,246. Y y

The present invention relates to an electric-light-radiating apparatususeful in the arts generally and particularly in the therapeutic artwhereV diseases are treated by means of radiations from a light sourcegiv-ly lng ofi' ultra violet rays and has for. its ob .ject to providesuch an apparatus which can be manipulated readily by hand by theoperator.

I have discovered, when operating a` quartz lamp having asolid anode and`a liquid cathode thereinfand an arc path of one or twol inches oncommercial circuits that it is' impossible to maintain such a smallsized lamp in eicient operation on commercial circults'without the useof external heat v radiating devices. "Accordingly, in my new apparatus,I surround thelamp and particularly the electrode portions of thecontainer of such a lamp with cooling devices or chambers operating tomaintain the-temperature ofthe radiant current stream between theelectrodes at the desired operating temperature forA giving the maximumamount of light, in those cases where illumination is desired and themaximum quantity of ultra violet radiations inthose cases where suchradiations are desired.

By availing of the cooperating action of the coolingr jackets for theluminous column, and jackets for the terminals or electrode 'portions ofthe lamp, I am enabled to make efficient devices of large and smallsizes and the invention lends itself particularly to the production of asmall Vhand lamp for use as a therapeutic'lamp or a bulls eye lamp, al-

' though it is to' be understood that my invention is not limitedv tosmall sized outfits.

By the use `of extensions of the coolingV jacket in contact with or inthevneighbol-, hood of the terminals of the lamp the regu-- lation ofthe volt-ampere characteristic of" material.

the 'device is secured in the most eic'ient ,manner and by virtue ofthis particular construction, the lead-in devices common to the endportions or` terminals of these tubes are protected from lthedsintegrating effects 4of radiant energy and from corrosive vapors orgases developed in `that portion'of the outfit adjacent to the luminoustube.

thereto; Figure 4- 1s 'l1ne 4, 4 of Figure 3; section of the mercuryvapor arc lamp used 4 line`2--2I and looking `dium, such as water, beinglshown at I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawingsin which Figure 1 is ,a Yertical section' of. my artificially cooledhand lamp showing the external cooling lnecooling medium app ied to theelectrodes and, also extending along the lightradiant portion ofthe lampaFplan view along the igure- 5 is a vertical in -my-outfit, showing thedetails of strucv ture thereof andof the electrodes therein, and Figure6 is a section view taken at the arrows.` j

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a mercury vapor lamp having a solidanode shown at 2 anda negative electrode Iof mercury shown .at 3,1theusual lead in devices for the electrodes being shown at 4 and 5,respectively.

and in close proximity in the direction of the f The lamp, 1, issurrounded by cooling jacket or container, 6, provided with an extensionchamber, 1, the inner walls'of which are in contact with the wall ofthecontainer,

1, in the neighborhood of the anode, 2, or in close proximity thereto,and an extension chamber, 8, the walls of which are in contact with thewalls of the lamp, 1, inthe neighborhood voi theelectrode 3, or in closeproximity thereto, the chambers 7 and 8 communicating with eachotherthrough an opening lin 'the lens mounting mechanism presently to bedescribed, and inlet and` outlet pipes for a suitable circulatingcooling meand 1Q, the last named pipes passin through a handle, 11, ofhard rubber or ot er suitable trode '2 and theconductor, 13, beingpassed loc down through the chambers 6 and`7 and insulated therefrom bybushings, 26, 26, and connected to the lead wire, 5, of the electrode 3.The portion of the lead 13 joined to the lead device 5 may be strongenough mechanically to hold the lamp in place or a spring 14 may beprovided for cushioning and supporting the lamp in the jacket. At thetop spring clips 15-15 are provided for holding the lamp in place atthat point. -The lenses 16 and 17 are held in place in a screwthreadluminous portion of the lamp tube, 1, be-

tween the extensions 7 and 8, and a Hat spring, 17, is shown forcushioning the lamp 1.

In Figure 4, an alternative lens mounting is employed in which the lens16 is held in place by a screw ring 18, compressing the lens 16 againsta washer of rubber, 22, and the outer lens 17 is held in place by ascrew cap, 23, compressing the'lens 17 against a washer 24 of rubber incontact with an extension 25 of the jacket 6, the usual hole 19 forcirculation of the cooling fluid between lenses being present in., thisconstruction also.

If desired, the pipe 10 in Figure 2 may be continued through`theextension 8 to a point where it discharges in the neighborhood of thelenses 16 and 17, as shown in Figure 3, to insure that these devicesshall be properly cooled in the operation of the devices.

In the operation of the device, the circulating medium is started andflows from inlet 10 through extension 8 up through the holes 19 in thelens mounting into the eXtension 7 land around the lamp to the outletpipe 9 and back to the source. cooling fluid in circulation, the lamp 1is started into operation by tilting the outfit so that the mercury ofthe electrode 3 bridges the gap between the electrodes 2 and 3 and thenbreaks the connection thus established whereupon the arc is formedbetween the electrodes just mentioned. At the instant of startingbecause of the low temperature in the lamp the voltage drop across it islow and is controlled by the stabilizing resistance in the auxiliariesusual to such lamps and not here shown. VThis initial current isnecessarily high and the mercury electrode 3 heats up rapidly raisingthe With the vapor pressure of the mercury in the lamp and at the sametime raising the arc'voltage. This-process continues until such time asthe heat energy in the lamp establishes equilibrium with the coolingmembers about the electrode portions. This equilibrium temperature isdetermined by the relative areas of the extensions of the jacket 6`andthe electrode portions ofthe lamp that are in close proximity. `It isthus obvious that the volt-ampere characteristic is controlled by thiscontrol of heat equilibrium at the point of greatest sensitivity sincethe volt-ampere characteristic of the burner vitself is dependentprimarily on the pressure of the mercury vapor in the gas or arc space.It follows from the foregoing then that the operation v of the outfitfor any given set of conditions may be controlled and varied by varyingthe cooling etl'ect of the circulating medium or through varying theelectrical regulating devices in the auxiliary mechanism of the lamp,but it is preferred for any given setting of the lamp and its controlmechanism to var the volt-ampere characteristic of the lamp y varyingthe rate of cooling as set forth above. The above is true not only ofthe small lamps illustrated herein but applies equally well for thelarger siz of quartz lamps now on the market.

-' The radiations to be utilized either in therapy or in generalillumination pass through the 'lenses 1 6 and 17 with the water betweenthem which serves to cool the lenses and to take out the radiant energywhich the cooling medium may absorb,

although it will be understood that theheat rays may also be .utilizedfor useful purposes in which case the cooling' medium must be selectedthat is transparent to the said rays. This latter of course is a matterof design and selection well within the ken of those skilled in the art.f

The outtit may be hung on a suitable standard with a swivel connectionthereto and manipulated with the assistance of the handle 1 p The lam A1is provided with lcertain structural eatures which are important in theoperationof the lamp generally whether forming part of the cooled outfitor burning independently of such outfit in the usual way. The vcontaineris contracted as shown at 27 in the neighborhood of the level of theliquid constituting the electrode 3,' and serves to localize the cathodespot when the lamp is operating and that part ofthe lead wire 5 which isinside the container is; -brought up near the surface of the liquidelectrode 3 and is of spiral form. This construction insures that thelead wire 5 is always in contact with vthe material of the electrode3,and particularly in the starting up of the apparatus when -it is tiltedto stream the mercury to the anode 2, 'when the mercury is'partiallemptied out of the pocket at the lower en of the lamp. Said contractionor stricture 27 has a' length which is not greater than the diameter ofthe envelope atlthe stricture and preferably is ofl a length less thanthe ydiameterv at the stricture. 'lVith t-he contraction or the arc spotover the surface of the anode 2.

` For effectively holding the arc at this point and for-preventing theWandering thereof to the surface of the anode 2, said extension orprojection 28 is of a length not greater than the width of the anode 2and preferably ofa length less than said width.

The top, 29, and the bottom, 30. of the jacket 6 are removable, andlwhen the lamp outfit is assembled, lthe lamp 1 isv inserted through thebottom until the top thereofl comes in contact with the-clips 15-15whereupon the spring clip, 31, is fastened to the outer end of the leadwire 4 and the part of the lead 13 connected'to the lead' is YjoinedV tothe main lead 13 yas shown at 32. The cover 29 is then put on the top'and the bottom part 30 with the spring 14 or the spring 21 is put inplace to close o t the-bottom of the jacket 6. .l Y

This application is a division of. my application Serial Number551,768', tiled April 12th, 1922.

1. A vapor electric arc lamp having an envelo "e, an anode'sealedthrough the Wall .thereo a cathode'terminal sealed through the wallthereof, mercury in vsaid tube at and about said cathode terminalv anda' stricture in and about the envelope wall at the level of said mercuryextending for a length not greater than the diameter'y of the envelopeat said stricture.

.2. In a vapor electric lamp having an envelope, an anode terminalsealed through the wall ofsaid envelope, a cathode sealed through saidWall, and mercury in said en-l velope, a stricture in said wall atthelevel of the mercury therein extending .for` a lengthnot greater thanthe diameter of the envelope at said stricture and a cathode extensionon said cathode terminal in the proximity of said stricture. l

3. In a vapor arc lamp having a. longitudinal envelope, an anodeterminal sealed through one end thereof, a cathode terminall sealedthrough the -other end thereof, and

mercury therein, a stricture around said wall at the surface level ofsaid mercury extend- "ing for a length not greater than the diameter ofthe envelope at said stricture, and a lcathode extension on said cathodeterminal extending 1n the` proximity of said stricture and along itsgeneral contour.

4. In a vapor arc lamp havlng a longitudinal envelope, a cathodeterminal sealed therethrough, an anode terminal sealedtherethrough, andmercury therein, astricture transversely around said envelope Wall atthe level ofsaid mercury extending for a length not greater than thediameter of the envelope at said stricture, and-'a cathode extension onsaid cathode terminal in the proximity of said stricture and of the samegeneral contour. f

5. In a vapor are lamp having a longitudi-.

nal envelope, an anode terminal sealed through the Wall thereof, acathode terminal sealed-through the -Wall thereof, and mercury therein,a` stricture transversely around the envelope wall at the surface levelof said lmercury extendingdfor a length not greater terminal inproximity to and below said stricture.

6. In a .vapor arc lamp having an envelope, an anode terminal sealedthrough the wall thereof, a cathode terminalsealed through 'the wallthereof, and. mercury-therein, a

stricture' transversely around said envelope Wall at the level of saidmercury extending for a length not greater than the diameter of l theenvelope at said stricturefa' transverse extension on said anodeterminal anda longitudinal extension, on said anode terminating betweensai'd transverse extension and said cathode, and a transverse extensionon sald cathode 1n proximity to' and below said stricture.. i

7..I n a vapor .arc lamp havlng a longitudinal envelope, an anodeterminal sealed through the wall thereof, a cathode terminal sealedthrough the Wall thereoLand mercury therein,v a stricture transverselyaround said 'envelope Wall at the level of said'mercury 'extending for alength not greater than the diameter- `of the envelope at saidstricture. a transverse extension on said anode terminal and alongitudinal extension on said anode SOY.

terminating between said transverse extension and said cathode` and atransverse extension on said cathode in proximity to and below saidstricture.` j

8. In a vapor arc lamp having an envelppe an anode terminal sealedthrough the/Wall thereof. land a cathode terminal sealed through thewall thereof, a disc shaped tra-nsverse extension on said anode terminaland a longitudinal extension on said anode terminating between s'aidtransverse extension and 9. In a vapor are lamp having a zlongitudinalenvelope. an .anode terminal sealed 'through the wall thereof, and acathode terminal sealed through the wall,l thereof, a

disc lshaped transverse extension on said anode termmal and alongitudinal extension on sind anode terminating between said thereof,and a cathode' termina-1 sealed through the vwall thereof, an anode onsaid terminal in the form of a Hat s iral having one end of the spiralterminating substantially at right angles toy the plane of the spiraland projectinga substantial distance therefrom in the direction of saidcathode.

Signed at Hoboken in the county of Hudtransvelse extension and saidcathode and ,son and State of New Jersey this 27th day of of a lengthnot greater than the width of said anode.

September, A. D. 1923.

LEROY J. BUTTOLPH.

